No, renouncing the inheritance in advance does not produce legal effects. However, as a party to an Agreement on Cession and Conveyance of Property, a child may agree to a distribution that excludes him/her from the inheritance, waiving his/her right to claim his/her reserved portion, indirectly renouncing the inheritance.
It should be noted that the scope of the Agreement on Cession and Conveyance may include particular objects and rights, a part or the total of the testator’s existing assets at the moment the agreement is entered into, but not the testator’s future assets, gained after entering the agreement.